What is LOBULAR breast cancer (ILC)?
15% of women with breast cancer have ILC. A typical feature of ILC is that it grows in rows of single cells because the cancer cellsdo not stick to each other as in other breast cancers. Fortunately, most patients with ILC respond well to anti-hormone (endocrine)treatment. The special features of ILC and how it distinguishes itself from non-ILC breast cancer are summarized in the following table.
Local treatment:
• Surgery: when there are multiple tumours in your breast, there is a greater chance that your entire breast needs to be removed (= mastectomy), which is more commonly performed for patients with ILC.
• Radiotherapy: it depends on the type of surgery you had and whether tumour cells are present in local lymph nodes if you need local radiation treatment.
Systemic treatment:
• Endocrine treatment: the chance that you need anti-hormone treatment is very high, since most ILC tumours are sensitive to hormones. Aromatase inhibitors are the preferred endocrine treatment option for ILC.
• Chemotherapy: although ILC has a tendency to not respond well to chemotherapy, this treatment option needs to be decided together with your doctor.
• Anti-HER2 treatment: this targeted therapy will be proposed to you if your tumour overexpresses a marker called HER2. In ILC, this is a minority group.
• Bisphosphonates: this class of drugs (commonly used to treat osteoporosis) can possibly be added to your treatment if you are menopausal.
Treatment plans can differ. Sometimes systemic treatment is given before the surgery to try to shrink the tumour, this is called neo-adjuvant treatment. When the systemic treatment is given after surgery to prevent metastasis, it is called adjuvant treatment. Ongoing clinical trials can also provide additional treatment opportunities before and after surgery.
Treatment in the metastatic setting
ILC is called metastatic when it has spread through the body and forms secondary tumours. Metastatic ILC can be present at the time of diagnosis or develop at a later phase. The majority of the treatments used in the metastatic setting will be systemic and aim to control the growth of the cancer as long as possible. Local treatments like surgery and radiotherapy can be used to obtain local control of some metastases. This can help in giving pain relief for example.
• There is no fixed sequence of treatment regimens: every case needs to be discussed individually.
• First treatment options often exist of anti-hormone treatments and/or chemotherapy. In some cases, the addition of a targeted treatment is optional.
• Ongoing clinical trials can provide additional treatment opportunities.
Hereditary risk and ILC
Hereditary breast cancer is rare in patients with ILC (<5%). The likelihood of a hereditary cause is higher in patients with a younger age, with a tumour in both breasts or a family history of certain cancers.